Io
Moon of Jupiter
Facts
- Mean diameter
- 3643 km, a little more than the Moon
- Mean distance from the planet
- 421,800 km
- Orbital period
- 1.77 days
- Discovery
- Galileo Galilei, 1610
Io is the innermost of Jupiter's four large moons and the most volcanically active body in the Solar System, with hundreds of volcanoes: some throw up fountains of lava tens of kilometres high.
It is stretched in a tug of war between Jupiter's enormous gravity and the smaller but regular pulls of Europa and Ganymede.
Sources
- NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics, Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters (radii from Archinal et al. 2018, Celest. Mech. 130, 22; Charon from Nimmo et al. 2017, Icarus 287, 12)
- NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics, Planetary Satellite Mean Elements
- NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics, Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances
- NASA Science, Io